“A vessel detained and later confiscated in Venezuela allegedly due to drugs strapped to its hull was not considered a constructive total loss under its war risks cover since a proximate cause of the loss, the detention of the vessel, was subject to the infringement of a customs regulation exclusion clause of the policy.“

“Following ransom negotiations that lasted for 51 days between Owners and pirates, it was held that Owners could not recover crew-related expenses or bunkers as general average for that period since these expenses were not incurred as a true alternative to the pirates' initial ransom demand, and therefore not within the meaning of Rule F of the York Antwerp Rules.”

“A provision requiring that any amendment to an agreement be in writing was held to be unenforceable; such a clause can in fact be varied by oral agreement or by conduct.”

“Turkish Charterers unable to rely on Turkish statute allowing direct action against a P&I Club and ordered to arbitrate in London under Club Rules. But the "pay to be paid" rule means they are unlikely to recover.”

“In an international purchase contract dispute, a claimant that was not obliged to publish accounts and had not revealed any information about its financial position was required to provide security for costs.”

“Under English law the Hague Rules “as enacted” means the Hague Rules “as amended” being the Hague-Visby Rules.”